What is J2ME ?
Java 2, Micro
Edition is a group of specifications and technologies that pertain to Java on
small devices. The J2ME moniker covers a wide range of devices, from pagers and
mobile telephones through set-top boxes and car navigation systems. The J2ME
world is divided into configurations and profiles, specifications that describe
a Java environment for a specific class of device.
What is J2ME WTK ?
The J2ME
Wireless Toolkit is a set of tools that provides developers with an emulation
environment,documentation and examples for developing Java applications for
small devices. The J2ME WTK is based on the Connected Limited Device Configuration
(CLDC) and Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) reference implementations,
and can be tightly integrated with Forte for Java
What is 802.11 ?
802.11 is a
group of specifications for wireless networks developed by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 802.11 uses the Ethernet protocol
and CSMA/CA (carrier sense multipleaccess with collision avoidance) for path
sharing.
What is API ?
An Application
Programming Interface (API) is a set of classes that you can use in your own application.
Sometimes called libraries or modules, APIs enable you to write an application
without reinventing common pieces of code. For example, a networking API is
something your application can use to make network connections, without your
ever having to understand the underlying code. 5. What is AMPS Advanced Mobile
Phone Service (AMPS) is a first-generation analog, circuit-switched cellular
phone
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papers
network.
Originally operating in the 800 MHz band, service was later expanded to include
transmissions in the 1900 MHz band, the VHF range in which most wireless
carriers operate. Because AMPS uses analog signals, it cannot transmit digital
signals and cannot transport data packets without assistance from newer
technologies such as TDMA and CDMA.
What is CDC ?
The Connected
Device Configuration (CDC) is a specification for a J2ME configuration.
Conceptually, CDC deals with devices with more memory and processing power than
CLDC; it is for devices with an always-on network connection and a minimum of 2
MB of memory available for the Java system.
What is CDMA ?
Code-Division
Multiple Access (CDMA) is a cellular technology widely used in North America.
There are currently three CDMA standards: CDMA One, CDMA2000 and W-CDMA. CDMA
technology uses UHF 800Mhz-1.9Ghz frequencies and bandwidth ranges from 115Kbs
to 2Mbps.
What is CDMA One ?
Also know as
IS-95, CDMA One is a 2nd generation wireless technology. Supports speeds from 14.4Kbps
to 115K bps.
What is CDMA2000 ?
Also known as
IS-136, CDMA2000 is a 3rd generation wireless technology. Supports speeds
ranging from 144Kbps to 2Mbps.
What is CDPD ?
Developed by
Nortel Networks, Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) is an open standard for supporting
wireless Internet access from cellular devices. CDPD also supports Multicast,
which allows content providers to efficiently broadcast information to many devices
at the same time.
What is cHTML ?
Compact HTML
(cHTML) is a subset of HTML which is designed for small devices. The major features
of HTML that are excluded from cHTML are: JPEG image, Table, Image map,
Multiple character fonts and styles, Background color and image, Frame and
Style sheet.
What is CLDC ?
The Connected,
Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) is a specification for a J2ME
configuration. The CLDC is for devices with less than 512 KB or RAM available for
the Java system and an intermittent (limited) network connection. It specifies
a stripped-down Java virtual machine1 called the KVM as well as several APIs
for fundamental application services. Three packages are minimalist versions of
the J2SE java.lang, java.io, and java.util packages. A fourth package,
javax.microedition.io, implements the Generic Connection Framework, a
generalized API for making network connections.
What is configuration ?
In J2ME, a
configuration defines the minimum Java runtime environment for a family of
devices: the combination of a Java virtual machine (either the standard J2SE
virtual machine or a much more limited version called the CLDC VM) and a core
set of APIs. CDC and CLDC are configurations. See also profile, optional package.
What is CVM ?
The Compact
Virtual Machine (CVM) is an optimized Java virtual machine1 (JVM) that is used
by the CDC.
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What is Deck ?
A deck is a
collection of one or more WML cards that can be downloaded, to a mobile phone,
as a single entity.
What is EDGE ?
Enhanced Data
GSM Environment (EDGE) is a new, faster version of GSM. EDGE is
designed to support transfer rates up to 384Kbps and enable the delivery of
video and other high-bandwidth applications. EDGE is the result of a joint
effort between TDMA operators, vendors and carriers and the GSM Alliance.
What is ETSI ?
The European
Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is a non-profit organization that
establishes telecommunications standards for Europe.
What is FDMA ?
Frequency-division
multiple-access (FDMA) is a mechanism for sharing a radio
frequency band among multiple users by dividing it into a number of smaller
bands.
What is Foundation Profile ?
The Foundation Profile is a J2ME profile
specification that builds on CDC. It adds additional classes
and interfaces
to the CDC APIs but does not go so far as to specify user interface APIs,
persistentstorage, or application life cycle. Other J2ME profiles build on the
CDC/Foundation combination: for example, the Personal Profile and the RMI
Profile both build on the Foundation Profile.
What is Generic Connection Framework ?
The Generic
Connection Framework (GCF) makes it easy for wireless devices to make networkconnections.
It is part of CLDC and CDC and resides in the javax.microedition.io package.
What is GPRS ?
The General
Packet Radio System (GPRS) is the next generation of GSM. It will be the basis
of 3Gnetworks in Europe and elsewhere.
What is GSM ?
The Global
System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a wireless network
system that is widely used in Europe, Asia, and Australia. GSM is used at three
different frequencies: GSM900 and GSM1800 are used in Europe, Asia, and
Australia, while GSM1900 is deployed in North America and other parts of the
world.
What is HLR ?
The Home
Location Register (HLR) is a database for permanent storage of subscriber data
and service profiles.
What is HTTPS ?
Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol Secure sockets (HTTPS) is a protocol for
transmission of encrypted hypertext over Secure Sockets Layer.
What is i-appli ?
Sometimes
called "Java for i-mode", i-appli is a Java environment based on
CLDC. It is used on handsets in NTT DoCoMo's i-mode service. While i-appli is
similar to MIDP, it was developed before the MIDP specification was finished and
the two APIs are incompatible
What is IDE ?
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An Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) provides a programming environment as a single application.
IDEs typically bundle a compiler, debugger, and GUI builder tog ether. Forte
for Java is Sun's Java IDE.
What is iDEN ?
The Integrated
Dispatch Enhanced Network (iDEN) is a wireless network system developed by Motorola.
Various carriers support iDEN networks around the world: Nextel is one of the
largest carriers, with networks covering North and South America.
What is i-mode ?
A standard
used by Japanese wireless devices to access cHTML (compact HTML) Web sites and display
animated GIFs and other multimedia content.
What is 3G ?
Third
generation (3G) wireless networks will offer faster data transfer rates than
current networks. The first generation of wireless (1G) was analog cellular.
The second generation (2G) is digital cellular, featuring integrated voice and
data communications. So-called 2.5G networks offer incremental speed increases.
3G networks will offer dramatically improved data transfer rates, enabling new
wireless applications such as streaming media.
What is 3GPP ?
The 3rd
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a global collaboration between 6
partners: ARIB, CWTS, ETSI, T1, TTA, and TTC. The group aims to develop a
globally accepted 3rd-generation mobile system based on GSM.
What is Java Card ?
The Java Card
specification allows Java technology to run on smart cards and other small
devices. TheJava Card API is compatible with formal international standards,
such as, ISO7816, and industryspecific standards, such as, Europay/Master
Card/Visa (EMV).
What is JavaHQ ?
JavaHQ is the
Java platform control center on your Palm OS device.
What is JCP ?
The Java
Community Process (JCP) an open organization of international Java developers
and licensees who develop and revise Java technology specifications, reference
implementations, and technology compatibility kits through a formal process.
What is JDBC for CDC/FP ?
The JDBC
Optional Package for CDC/Foundation Profile (JDBCOP for CDC/FP) is an API that enables
mobile Java applications to communicate with relational database servers using
a subset ofJ2SE's Java Database Connectivity. This optional package is a strict
subset of JDBC 3.0 that excludes some of JDBC's advanced and server-oriented features,
such as pooled connections and array types. It's meant for use with the
Foundation Profile or its supersets.
What is JSR
Java
Specification Request (JSR) is the actual description of proposed and final
specifications for the Java platform. JSRs are reviewed by the JCP and the
public before a final release of a specification ismade.
What is KittyHawk
KittyHawk is a
set of APIs used by LG Telecom on its IBook and p520 devices. KittyHawk is
based onVisithttp://www.capptitudebank.blogspot.com/for more papers CLDC. It is
conceptually similar to MIDP but the two APIs are incompatible.
What is KJava
KJava is an
outdated term for J2ME. It comes from an early package of Java software for
PalmOS,released at the 2000 JavaOne show. The classes for that release were
packaged in the com.sun.kjava package.
What is kSOAP
kSOAP is a SOAP API suitable for the J2ME, based on
kXML.
What is kXML
The kXML
project provides a small footprint XML parser that can be used with J2ME.
What is KVM
The KVM is a
compact Java virtual machine (JVM) that is designed for small devices. It
supports a subset of the features of the JVM. For example, the KVM does not
support floating-point operations and object finalization. The CLDC specifies
use of the KVM. According to folklore, the 'K' in KVM stands for kilobyte,
signifying that the KVM runs in kilobytes of memory as opposed to megabytes.
What is LAN
A Local Area
Network (LAN) is a group of devices connected with various communications technologies
in a small geographic area. Ethernet is the most widely-used LAN technology. Communication
on a LAN can either be with Peer-to-Peer devices or Client-Server devices.
What is LCDUI
LCDUI is a shorthand way of referring to the MIDP
user interface APIs, contained in thejavax.microedition.lcdui package. Strictly
speaking, LCDUI stands for Liquid Crystal Display User Interface. It's a user
interface toolkit for small device screens which are commonly LCD screens.
What is MExE
The Mobile
Execution Environment (MExE) is a specification created by the 3GPP which
details an applicatio n environment for next generation mobile devices. MExE
consists of a variety of technologies including WAP, J2ME, CLDC and MIDP.
What is MIDlet
A MIDlet is an
application written for MIDP. MIDlet applications are subclasses of the javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet
class that is defined by MIDP.
What is MIDlet suite
MIDlets are
packaged and distributed as MIDlet suites. A MIDlet suite can contain one or
more MIDlets. The MIDlet suite consists of two files, an application descriptor
file with a .jad extension and an archive file with a .jar file. The descriptor
lists the archive file name, the names and class names for each MIDlet in the
suite, and other information. The archive file contains the MIDlet classes and resource
files.
What is MIDP
The Mobile
Information Device Profile (MIDP) is a specification for a J2ME profile. It is
layered on top of CLDC and adds APIs for application life cycle, user
interface, networking, and persistent storage.
What is MIDP-NG
The Next
Generation MIDP specification is currently under development by the Java
CommunityVisithttp://www.capptitudebank.blogspot.com/for more papers Process.
Planned improvements include XML parsing and cryptographic support.
What is Mobitex
Mobitex is a
packet-switched, narrowband PCS network, designed for wide-area wireless datacommunications.
It was developed in 1984 by Eritel, an Ericsson subsidiary, a nd there are now
over 30 Mobitex networks in operation worldwide.
What is Modulation ?
Modulation is
the method by which a high-frequency digital signal is grafted onto a
lower-frequency analog wave, so that digital packets are able to ride piggyback
on the analog airwave.
What is MSC ?
A Mobile
Switching Center (MSC) is a unit within a cellular phone network that
automatically coordinates and switches calls in a given cell. It monitors each
caller's signal strength, and when a signal begins to fade, it hands off the
call to another MSC that's better positioned to manage the call.
What is Obfuscation
Obfuscation is
a technique used to complicate code. Obfuscation makes code harder to
understand when it is de-compiled, but it typically has no affect on the
functionality of the code. Obfuscation programs can be used to protect Java
programs by making them harder to reverse-engineer.
What is optional package
An optional
package is a set of J2ME APIs providing services in a specific area, such as
database access or multimedia. Unlike a profile, it does not define a complete
application environment, but rather is used in conjunction with a configuration
or a profile. It extends the runtime environment to support device capabilities
that are not universal enough to be defined as part of a profile or that need to
be shared by different profiles. J2ME RMI and the Mobile Media RMI are examples
of optional packages.
What is OTA
Over The Air
(OTA) refers to any wireless networking technology.
What is PCS
Personal
Communications Service (PCS) is a suite of second-generation, digitally
modulated mobilecommunications
interfaces
that includes TDMA, CDMA, and GSM. PCS serves as an umbrella term for
second-generation wireless technologies operating in the 1900MHz range
What is PDAP
The Personal
Digital Assistant Profile (PDAP) is a J2ME profile specification designed for
small platforms such as PalmOS devices. You can think of PDAs as
being larger than mobile phones but smaller than set-top boxes. PDAP is built
on top of CLDC and will specify user interface and persistent storage APIs.
PDAP is currently being developed using the Java Community Process (JCP).
What is PDC
Personal Digital Cellular (PDC) is a Japanese
standard for wireless communications.
What is PDCP
Parallel and
Distributed Computing Practices (PDCP) are often used to describe computer
systems that are spread over many devices on a network (wired or wireless)
where many nodes process data simultaneously.
What is Personal Profile
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more papers
The Personal
Profile is a J2ME profile specification. Layered on the Foundation Profile and
CDC, the Personal Profile will be the next generation of PersonalJava
technology. The specification is currently in development under the Java
Community Process (JCP).
What is PersonalJava
PersonalJava
is a Java environment based on the Java virtual machine1 (JVM) and a set of
APIs similar to a JDK 1.1 environment. It includes the Touchable Look and Feel
(also called Truffle), a graphic toolkit that is optimized for consumer devices
with a touch sensitive screen. PersonalJava will be included in J2ME in the
upcoming Personal Profile, which is built on CDC.
What is PNG
Portable
Network Graphics (PNG) is an image format offering lossless compression and
storage flexibility. The MIDP specification requires implementations to
recognize certain types of PNG images.
What is POSE
Palm OS
Emulator (POSE).
What is PRC
Palm Resource
Code (PRC) is the file format for Palm OS applications.
What is preverification
Due to memory
and processing power available on a device, the verification process of classes
are split into two processes. The first process is the preverification which is
off-device and done using the preverify tool. The second process is
verification which is done on-device.
What is profile
A profile is a
set of APIs added to a configuration to support specific uses of a mobile
device. Along with its underlying configuration, a profile defines a complete,
and usually self-contained, generalpurpose application environment. Profiles
often, but not always, define APIs for user interface and persistence; the MIDP
profile, based on the CLDC configuration, fits this pattern. Profiles may be supersets
or subsets of other profiles; the Personal Basis Profile is a subset of the
Personal Profile and a superset of the Foundation Profile. See also
configuration, optional package.
What is Provisioning ?
In
telecommunications terms, provisioning means to provide telecommunications
services to a user. This includes providing all necessary hardware, software,
and wiring or transmission devices.
What is PSTN ?
The public
service telephone network (PSTN) is the traditional, land-line based system for
exchanging phone calls.
What is RMI
Remote method
invocation (RMI) is a feature of J2SE that enables Java objects running in one
virtual machine to invoke methods of Java objects running in another virtual
machine, seamlessly.
What is RMI OP
The RMI
Optional Package (RMI OP) is a subset of J2SE 1.3's RMI functionality used in
CDC-based profiles that incorporate the Foundation Profile, such as the
Personal Basis Profile and the Personal Profile. The RMIOP cannot be used with
CLDC-based profiles because they lack object serialization and other important
features found only in CDC-based profiles. RMIOP supports most of the J2SE RMI
functionality, including the Java Remote Method Protocol, marshalled objects,
distributed garbage
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more papers collection, registry-based object lookup, and network class
loading, but not HTTP tunneling or the Java 1.1 stub protocol
What is RMI Profile
The RMI
Profile is a J2ME profile specification designed to support Java's Remote
Method Invocation (RMI) distributed object system. Devices implementing the RMI
Profile will be able to interoperate via RMI with other Java devices, including
Java 2, Standard Edition. The RMI Profile is based on the Foundation Profile,
which in turn is based on CDC.
What is RMS
The Record
Management System (RMS) is a simple record-oriented database that allows a
MIDlet to persistently store information and retrieve it later. Different
MIDlets can also use the RMS to share data.
What is SDK
A Software
Development Kit (SDK) is a set of tools used to develop applications for a
particular platform. An SDK typically contains a compiler, linker, and
debugger. It may also contain libraries and documentation for APIs.
What is SIM
A Subscriber
Identity Module (SIM) is a stripped-down smart card containing information
about the identity of a cell-phone subscriber, and subscriber authentication
and service information. Because the SIM uniquely identifies the subscriber and
is portable among handsets, the user can move it from one kind of phone to
another, facilitating international roaming.
What is SMS
Short Message
Service (SMS) is a point-to-point service similar to paging for sending text
messages of up to 160 characters to mobile phones.
What is SOAP
The Simple
Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is an XML- based protocol that allows objects of
any type to communicated in a distributed environment. SOAP is used in
developing Web Services.
What is SSL
Secure Sockets
Layer (SSL) is a socket protocol that encrypts data sent over the network and
provides authentication for the socket endpoints.
What is T9
T9 is a text
input method for mobile phones and other small devices. It replaces the
"multi-tap" input method by guessing the word that you are trying to
enter. T9 may be embedded in a device by the manufacturer. Note that even if
the device supports T9, the Java implementation may or may not use it. Check
your documentation for details.
What is TDMA
Time Division
Multiple Access (TDMA) is a second-generation modulation standard using
bandwidth allocated in the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, and 1900MHz ranges.
What is Telematics
Telematics is
a location-based service that routes event notification and control data over
wireless networks to and from mobile devices installed in automobiles.
Telematics makes use of GPS technology to track vehicle latitude and longitude,
and displays maps in LED consoles mounted in dashboards. It connects to remote
processing centers that turn provide server-side Internet and voice Visithttp://www.capptitudebank.blogspot.com/for
more papers services, as well as access to database resources.
What is Tomcat ?
Tomcat is a
reference implementation of the Java servlet and JavaServer Pages (JSP)
specifications. It is intended as a platform for developing and testing
servlets.
What is UDDI ?
Universal
Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) is an XML-based standard for
describing, publishing, and finding Web services. UDDI is a specification for a
distributed registry of Web services.
What is UMTS
Developed by
Nortel Networks, Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) is a
standard that will provide cellular users a consistent set of technologies no
matter where they are located worldwide. UMTS utilizes W-CDMA technology.
What is VLR
The Visitor
Location Register (VLR) is a database that contains temporary information about
subscribers.
What is WAE
The Wireless
Application Environment (WAE) provides a application framework for small
devices. WAE leverages other technologies such as WAP, WTP, and WSP.
What is WAP
Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP) is a protocol for transmitting data between servers
and clients (usually small wireless devices like mobile phones). WAP is
analogous to HTTP in the World Wide Web. Many mobile phones include WAP browser
software to allow users access to Internet WAP sites.
What is WAP Gateway
A WAP Gateway
acts as a bridge allowing WAP devices to communicate with other
networks (namely the Internet).
What is W-CDMA
Wideband
Code-Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA), also known as IMT-2000, is
a 3rd generation wireless technology. Supports speeds up to 384Kbps on a
wide-area network, or 2Mbps locally.
What is WDP
Wireless
Datagram Protocol (WDP) works as the transport layer of WAP. WDP processes
datagrams from upper layers to formats required by different physical
datapaths, bearers, that may be for example GSM SMS or CDMA Packet Data. WDP is
adapted to the bearers available in the device so upper layers don't need to
care about the physical level.
What is WMA
The Wireless
Messaging API (WMA) is a set of classes for sending and receiving Short Message
Service messages. See also SMS.
What is WML
The Wireless
Markup Language (WML) is a simple language used to create applications for
small wireless devices like mobile phones. WML is analogous to HTML in the
World Wide Web.
What is WMLScript
WMLScript is a
subset of the JavaScript scripting language designed as part of the WAP
standard to Visithttp://www.capptitudebank.blogspot.com/for more papers provide
a convenient mechanism to access mobile phone's peripheral functions.
What is WSP
Wireless
Session Protocol (WSP) implements session services of WAP. Sessions can be
connectionoriented and connectionless and they may be suspended and resumed at
will.
What is WTLS
Wireless
Transport Layer Security protocal (WTLS) does all cryptography oriented
features of WAP. WTLS handles encryption/decryption, user authentication and
data integrity. WTLS is based on thefixed network Transport Layer Security
protocal (TLS), formerly known as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
What is WTP
Wireless
Transaction Protocol (WTP) is WAP's transaction protocol that
works between the session protocol WSP and security protocol WTLS. WTP chops
data packets into lower level datagrams and concatenates received datagrams
into useful data. WTP also keeps track of received and sent packets and does
re-transmissions and acknowledgment sending when needed. Visithttp://www.capptitudebank.blogspot.com/for
more papers
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